Tractor transmission



E. A. JOHNSTON ET AL.

J 2&- l 925.

TRACTOR TRANSMISS ION Original Filed Nov. 12. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1'll'llllllm W mvvvyvy ,r immmiiinna E. A. JOHNSTON ET AL TRACTOR TRANSMIS S I ON Original Filed Nov. 12 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i 3 HT i a; 1M

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EDWARD A. JOHNSTON AND PHIL-O H. DANLY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORSTO HTTER NATIONAL '1 TION OF NEW JERSEY.

VESTER COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORA- TRACTOR TRANSMISSION.

Original application filed November 12, 1921, Serial No. 514,516.Divided and this application filed.

. July 23, 1923. Serial No. 653,083.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that we, EDWARD A. JOHN- STON and PHILO H. DANLY, citizensof the- United States, and residents respectively, of Chicago, in thecounty. of (look and State of Illinois, and of Chicago, in the countyof- Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Tractor Transmissions, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact specification.

Our invention relates to control mechanism for transmissions for.tractors of the type disclosed in our co-pending application Serial No.514,516, filed November 12, 1921, of which this application is adivision.

The primary object of our invention is to provide for a tractor atransmission and reversing mechanism having equal numbers of speedsforward and reverse and controllable by a single means. This andother'objects are attained by the mechanism illustrated in theaccompanying drawings in which- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional viewof the transmission and reversing mechanism embodying the invention;

7 Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the differential also showing a brakedrum used to assist in steering the tractor, the section being taken online 2-2 of Fig. 1;

*ig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the forward and reverse drivinggears taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on line 4-4 of Fig. 1 showing a power take-off suchas used for driving an implement; and

Fig. 5 is a detail of the mechanism shown in Fig. 4:.

Referring to Fig. 2, a tractor or similar Vehicle embodying ourinvention comprises a casing 30 having oppositely extending hollow arms32 forming parts of the tractor frame. A fl wheel housing 38 is securedto the diiferentlal andtransmission casing 30, as in Fig. 1, the openupper side of the latter bein closed by removable covers 39, 40 toprovide access to the enclosed mechanism. It will be understood that thewheels of the tractor are driven'by sprocket chains from the s rocketpinions keyed to the ends of the ifferential shafts 53, 54:.Differential shafts are journaled in hearings in the hollow arms 32 andare driven from the engine through the transmission, reversing anddifferential mechanism now to be described.

Referring to Fig. l, the engine has a' crank shaft 55 to which is keyedthe flywheel 56 carrying alternate disks of a multiple disk clutch 57,the other disks being carried by the clutch shaft 58, as is usual in theart. 'The clutch shaft is connected by a sleeve 59 to the driving shaft60 of the transmission. The shaft'60 is rotatably supported in ballbearings in the housmg 30 and at its end opposite the clutch carries aspur gear 61 which also forms one element of a clutch for direct or highspeed (lIlVO of the driven shaft 62. A. short fixed shaft 63 is mountedin the casing and rotatably mounted thereon are two gears 64, 65, whichmay be integrally formed as shown, or otherwise rigidly securedtogether. Gear 64: meshes with gear 61 and is continuously driventhereby, while gear 65 is adapted to mesh with a gear 66 splined to theshaft 62. The gear 66 also provides the second element of the clutch bycooperating with gear 61. The gear 66 has a groove formed therein inwhich the lower forked end of a shipper arm 67 engages for sliding thegear on the shaft 62. As shown in Fig. 1, the gear 66 is in neutralposition and the transmission is at rest. \Vhen the gear 66 is shiftedto the left or into mesh with gear 65, the shaft 62' will be driven atfirst or low speed through gears 61, 64 and 65, 66, and when it isshifted to extreme right position the clutch element thereon engages theclutch element on gear 61 for direct or high speed drive of the tractor.At its forward end the driving shaft 62 carries a bevel gear 68 meshingwith a pair of bevel gears 69, 70 (Figs. 2 and 3) journaled on thecountershaft 71, which is rotatably mounted in the side walls of thecasing 30, one end extending beyond the casing and carrying a brake drum72 for stopping the tractor. Splined on the shaft 71 between the bevelgears is a pinion 73 having a wide face and formed with a clutch elementat each end adapted to co- .operate with corresponding clutch elementsformed on the bevel gears for driving the shaft 71 in oppositedirections. The pinion 73 has a groove near one end in which the fork ofa shipper arm 74 engages for sliding the gear on the shaft. It will beseen that the gear 68 may be driven at two different speeds from theengine and that it in turn rotates the gears 69, 70 in oppositedirections, and that consequently the pinion 73 has two speeds forwardand the same number reverse.

The pinion 73 and the gear 66 are shiftable by a single lever 75 as willnow be described. The arm 74: is forked at its upper end and bored torotatably receive the shaft 76, which is rotatably and slidably mountedin bearings in the casing 30. A T-shaped arm 77 (Fig. 3) is secured by apin 78 to the shaft 76 within the fork on. the arm 74 so as to bothslide and rotate with the shaft. The bar at the upper end of thearm 77is circular in cross section (Fig. 1) and slidably engages in a recessedmember 79 which is adjustably secured in one end of a bar 80- slidablymounted in the casing and carrying the shipper arm 67. The lever 75 issecured at its lower end to one end of the shaft 76 so that fore and aftmovement of the-lever will oscillate theshaft about its axis, whilelateral movement of the lever will shift the shaft longitudinally. Thelever 7 5 has a ball 81 which engages between a pair of smooth sectors82 and 83 secured to the side of the casing 30. These sectors guide thelever in its forward and reverse movement and provide a fulcrum for theball of the lever when it is shifted laterally, as will be apparent froman inspection of Fig. 3. Referring to Fig. 3, the shaft 76 has threenotches or recesses adapted to be engaged by a spring pressed detent 84,and in Fig. '1, the bar 80 is rovided with three similar recesses adapteto be enga ed by a similar detent. When the gear shaft lever is inneutral position, the detents engage in the central notch in each shaftand the gear 66 occupies a position'intermediate the gears 61 and asshown in Fig. 1, while the gear 73 will be out of engagement with bothgears 69 and 70. Assume that the engine is running and the operatordesires to start the tractor in a forward direction. After disengagingthe main clutch 57 he rasps the upper-end of the lever 75, shifting itlaterally toward the left, which moves the shaft 76 longitudinally andengages the pinion 7 3 with gear 69. The lever is then shifted forwardly(the engine being at the rear of the tractor) which rocks the shaft 76on its axis and through arm 77, bar 80 and shipper 67 slides gear 66into mesh withv gear 65. The main clutch is then released and thetractor starts forwardly at first on low speed. The lever is thenshifted to the rear, disengaging gears 66 and 65 and engaglin gears 66and 61 to drive the tractor at ig speed. Similarly, to drive the tractorin the reverse direction, the lever 75 is first moved laterally to theright, or away from the operator, to engage gears 73 and 70, after whichthe lever 75 is shifted in the same manner as before to secure low andhigh speeds. It will thus be seen that we are enabled to control anequal number of speeds of the tractor both forward and reverse by asingle operating element.

The pinion 73 meshes with the bull gear 86 which is secured to thedifferential cage 87 carrying differential pinions meshing with thedifferential gears 89, 90 mounted on the inner ends of shafts 53, 54respectively. The shafts 53, 54 carry the driving sprockets 52 aspreviously describedand at their outer ends adjacent the sprockets areprovided with brake drums 92 which form part of a steerin means to bedescribed later.

The lmplement driving shaft 46 is provided for power drive of animplement propelled by the tractor, which implement will as a rule besupported on a supplemental frame (not shown) pivotally connected at itsrear end to brackets secured to the sides of the main frame. Thissupplemental frame has been omitted to avoid needless complication ofthe drawings and since it per se forms no part of the present invention.The shaft 46 is supported on hearings in a supplemental casing 96 boltedor otherwise secured on the under side of casing 30 and has a gear 97splined thereon. The gear 97 is adapted to be shifted into and out ofmesh with a gear 98 rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft in thesupplemental casing and meshin with the transmission gear 65. The'gear 9is engaged by a shipper 99 fixed to the shaft 100. One end of the shaft100 extends beyond the casing and carries an actuating lever 101 bymeans of which the shaft is oscillated to slide the ear 97 into and outof mesh with gear 98 For controlling operation of the implement drivingshaft 46. Secured to the casing 96 adjacent the lower end of lever 101is a segment having two notches 102, 103 adapted to be engaged by ayieldable detent 104 carried by the lever. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) When thedetent engages in the notch 102, the lever 101 will be in its forwardposition and gears 97 and 98 in-mesh. Correspondin 1y, when the lever ismoved rearwardly, the detent will engage in notch 103 with the gears outof mesh and the shaft 46 inoperative.

As previously stated, the differential shafts 53, 54, are provided withbrake drums 92 on their outer ends. These drums cooperate wlth brakebands which are controlled by braking mechanism in such a nected to anarm 153 depending from a brake'lever 154 mounted on the cover 40 of thecasing 30, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

It will thus be apparent that we have invented mechanism of the kinddescribed that is compact and easy to operate, and

while we have shown but one specific embodiment'of our invention, it isto be understood that modifications and equivalents thereof are possiblewithin thescope of the following claims.

What We claim is:

1. In a reversible tractor, the combination of a differential, amulti-speed transmission,

1 a reversing mechanism connecting the transmission to the differential,and a single means for shifting the transmission and reversingmechanism, comprising two axially movable shafts arranged at' rightangles one of said shafts being rotatable, a connection between saidshafts permitting independent axial movement thereof and through whichrotation of one shaft causes axial movement of the other, connectionsbetween said shafts and the transmission and reversing mecha nismrespectively, and means for rotating and for axially moving the oneshaft.

2.. In a reversible tractor, the combination of a driving shaft, adriven shaft, transmission gearing for driving the driven shaft atdifferent speeds from the driving shaft, a bevel gear on the drivenshaft, 2. countershaft at right angles to the driven shaft, a pair ofbevel gears journaled thereon and meshing with the first mentioned bevelgear, a clutch adapted to connect either bevel gear to thecounter-shaft, and a single means for controlling the clutch andtransmlssion gearing, comprising two axially movable shafts extendingparallel to said driven shaft and counter-shaft respectively, one orsaid movable shafts being rotatable, a connection between said movableshafts permitting independent axial movement thereof and through whichrotation of one shaft causes axial movement of the other, a connectionbetween the clutch and the movable shaft parallel to the counter-shaft,a connection between the other movable shaft and one of the transmissiongears, and a lever connected to the one movable shaft for both rotatingit-and moving it axially.

3. In a reversible'tractor, the combination of a driving shaft, a drivenshaft coaxial therewith, transmission gearing for driving the drivenshaft at two speeds from the driving shaft, a bevel gear on the drivenshaft, a countenshaft, a pair of bevel gears having clutch elementsjournaled on the counter-shaft and meshing with the first mentionedbevel gear, a pinion splined to the counter-shaft between the bevelgears and having clutch elements adapted to engage the clutch elementson the bevel gears, and a single means for controlling both the clutchand transmission gearing, comprising two axially movable shaftsextending parallelto said driven shaft and counter-shaft respectively,one of said movable shafts being rotatable, an arm fixed on one of saidmovable shafts and having a transversely slidable pivotal connectionwith the other movable shaft, a connection between the splined pinion onthe counter-shaftand the movable shaft parallel to the counter-shaft, aconnection between the other movable shaft and one of the transmissiongears, and alever connected to the one movable shaft for both rotatingit and moving it axially.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

EDWARD A. JOHNSTON. PHiLo H. DANLY.

